DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY AND THEIR SOCIO-POLITICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Keywords:
Bukhara Emirate, demographic processes, population movement, social structure, political situation, Jadid movement, Russian protectorate, migration, urbanization, early 20th century.Abstract
This article analyzes the demographic processes that occurred in the Bukhara Emirate at the beginning of the 20th century and examines their socio-political characteristics. During this period, the emirate remained a traditional political entity, but its internal development was strongly influenced by the Russian Empire, social stratification, economic inequality, taxation, land relations, and reformist movements. The population structure of the emirate was shaped by settled, semi-settled and nomadic communities, as well as by the interaction of different ethnic, religious and social groups. The article also highlights the role of cities, trade routes, rural life, administrative control and the Jadid movement in demographic change.
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