Sоvet Ittifоqining pаrchаlаnishi vа Mаrkаziy Оsiyо dаvlаtlаridа chegаrаviy nizоlаrning yuzаgа kelish sаbаblаri
Keywords:
Sovet Ittifoqi, Markaziy Osiyo, chegara nizolari, suv resurslari, anklav, Orol muammosi, delimitatsiya, demarkatsiya, iqlim o‘zgarishi, gidroenergetika.Abstract
1991-yilda sovet Ittifoqining parchalanishi Markaziy Osiyoda yangi mustaqil davlatlarning shakllanishiga olib keldi. Biroq, bu davlatlar suverenitetlari bilan birga noaniq chegaralar, tarixiy-etnik qarama qarshiliklar, resurslar taqsimoti, anklavlar va mintaqaviy infratuzilma muammolarini meros qilib oldi. Ushbu maqolada chegara nizolarining asosiy omillari-etnik parchalanish, suv resurslari ustidan kurash, anklavlar, delimitatsiya va demarkatsiyaning yo‘ligi hamda siyosiy manfaatlar tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, suv taqsimoti bilan bog‘liq ekologik inqirozlar, xususan Orol muammosi, transchegaraviy ifloslanish, gidroenergetika loyihalari va iqlim o‘zgarishining salbiy ta’siri yoritiladi. Maqola yakunida ushbu muammolarni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha xalqaro huquqiy mexanizmlar, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va barqaror diplomatik yondashuvlar zarurligi ta’kidlanadi.
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