DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPREHENSIVE DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL PRECANCER AND CANCER
Keywords:
human papillomavirus, cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasiaAbstract
Cervical cancer is the most common form of oncological pathology of the female reproductive system. In terms of incidence, cervical cancer ranks 7th among all malignant tumors and 3rd among malignant tumors in women (after breast cancer and colon cancer) and accounts for 9.8% [1,9]. In 2022, 527,624 cases of cervical cancer were registered worldwide [1,11], with 265,653 deaths. Mortality from cervical cancer ranks 9th among all malignant tumors and 2nd among epithelial malignant tumors of the female reproductive system [1,12]. Cervical cancer most often affects women under 35 years of age, often with a subsequent fatal outcome [3,13]. In Uzbekistan, the incidence of cervical cancer is growing annually, which indicates the inadequacy of measures related to the primary and secondary prevention of this disease. In 2019, 14.7 thousand patients with cervical cancer were registered in Uzbekistan. The mortality rate from cervical cancer in Uzbekistan in 2019 was 5.2 per 100,000 and is currently the leading cause of death among all women with cancer aged 15 to 40 years (±19.5). After 40 years, mortality from cervical cancer moves to 2nd place (9.7%) [1,5,9,10]. The survival rate of patients with cervical cancer depends primarily on the level of the healthcare system in different regions. In less socio-economically developed countries, cervical cancer is mostly diagnosed at a late stage of the disease, therefore, low survival rates are recorded. The 5-year survival rate among women diagnosed with late-stage cervical cancer is approximately 30% lower than in more developed countries [1,10]. Clinical symptoms in patients with cervical diseases are usually caused by the presence of combined uterine pathology (endo- and myometrium). The combination of uterine fibroids with adenomyosis and/or endometrial hyperplasia in patients with CIN III (47.6%) and cervical cancer (59.1%) (p < 0.05) is significantly more common than the combination with other cervical pathologies. This fact is apparently due to the mutually stimulating influence of pathological processes in the endo- and myometrium on the condition of the cervix, which is realized through the mechanisms of intercellular interactions of growth factors [15].
Downloads
References
1. Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL et al. Global Cancer Statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65: 87–108.
2. Прилепская В.Н., Коган Е.А., Трофимов Д.Ю. Возможности диагностики и лечения заболеваний шейки матки. Акушерство и гинекология. 2013; 9: 90–6.
3. Байрамова Г.Р., Файзуллин Л.З., Королькова А.И. и др. Скрининг рака шейки матки: что нового в мировой практике. Акушерство и гинекология. 2016; 7: 17–21.
4. Khamdamova M.T., Zhaloldinova M.M., Khamdamov I.B. The state of nitric oxide in the blood serum of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis // New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2023. - № 5 (55). - Р. 638-643.
5. Khamdamova M.T., Zhaloldinova M.M., Khamdamov I.B. The value of ceruloplasmin and copper in the blood serum of women wearing copper-containing intrauterine devices // New Den Medicine. - Bukhara,2023. - № 6 (56). - Р. 2-7.
6. Khamdamova M.T., Khasanova M.T. Various mechanisms of pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women (literature review)// New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2023. - № 8 (58). - Р. 103-107.
7. Khamdamova M.T., Akramova D.E. Genetic aspects of genital prolapse in women of reproductive age // New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2024. - № 2 (64). - Р.420-426.
8. Khamdamova M.T., Akramova D.E. Immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of genital prolapse in elderly women // New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2025. - № 3 (77). - Р. 201-207.
9. Khamdamova M.T., Akramova D.E. Efficiency of various methods of treatment of women with genital prolapse // News of dermatovenerology and reproductive health. - Tashkent, 2025. - № 2 (109). - Р.30-33.
10. Khamdamova M.T., Khasanova M.T. genetic mechanisms of development of endometrial hyperplastic processes in women in menopacteric age)// New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2025. - № 3 (77). - Р. 207-211.
11. Khamdamova M.T., Khasanova M.T. Морфологические изменения эндометрия при гиперплазии // Новости дерматовенерологии и репродуктивного здоровья.-Ташкент.-2025.- № 2 (109). - Р. 12-14.
12. Khamdamova M.T., Umidova N.N. Генитальный эндометриоз – болезнь активных и деловых женщин // Новости дерматовенерологии и репродуктивного здоровья.-Ташкент.-2025.- № 2 (109). - Р. 33-14.
13. Khamdamova M.T., Akramova D.E. Генетические аспекты генитального пролапса у женщин репродуктивного возраста) // New Den Medicine. - Bukhara, 2024. - № 2 (64). - Р. 420-426.
14. Klaes R, Friedrich T, Spitkovsky D et al. Overexpression of p16(INK4A) as a specific marker for dysplastic and neoplastic epithelial cells of the cervix uteri. Int J Cancer 2017; 92: 276–84.
15. Kalof AN, Cooper K. Our approach to squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix. J Clin Pathol 2017; 60: 449–55.
