MAIN DEITIES, SPIRITS, AND HEROIC ARCHETYPES IN TURKIC MYTHOLOGY
Keywords:
Turkic mythology, Tengri, spirits, heroic archetypes, shamanism, cultural identity, worldviewAbstract
This article examines the main deities, spirits, and heroic archetypes in Turkic mythology as parts of a unified system of traditional beliefs. Turkic mythology is presented as an important element of the spiritual and cultural heritage of Turkic peoples, reflecting their understanding of the world, nature, and humanity’s place in the universe. The study focuses on the mythological structure, including the pantheon led by Tengri, the supreme sky god, and Umai, the protector of family and fertility. It also explores nature and ancestral spirits as intermediaries between humans and the supernatural realm. Special attention is given to heroic archetypes such as the warrior-defender, the cultural hero, and the shaman, as well as female archetypes symbolizing life, protection, and harmony. The article analyzes how deities, spirits, and heroes together form a coherent worldview based on balance between humans, nature, and higher powers. The findings show that Turkic mythology strongly influenced social norms, rituals, and cultural identity, helping preserve the historical memory of Turkic societies.
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