INGLIZ TILIDA MAJBURIYAT VA ZARURIYATNI IFODALOVCHI MODAL FE'LLAR: SEMANTIK TAHLIL VA PRAGMATIK QO‘LLANISH

Abstract

O‘zbek Tili: Ushbu ilmiy maqola ingliz tilida majburiyat va zaruriyatni ifodalovchi asosiy modal fe'llar (must, have to, should, need to) ning semantik tahliliga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi bu fe'llarning grammatik qo'llanishidan tashqari, ularning pragmatik yuklamasini va semantik farqlarini aniqlashdan iborat. Xususan, must va have to o‘rtasidagi farqlar chuqur tahlil qilinib, mustning majburiyat manbasi ichki (so'zlovchi hukmi) ekanligi, have to esa tashqi (qonunlar, sharoitlar) majburiyatni ifodalashi ko'rsatilgan. Shuningdek, inkor shakllaridagi keskin farqlar (mustn't – taqiq, don't have to – zaruriyat yo‘qligi) batafsil yoritilgan. Maqola modal fe'llar tizimining murakkabligini ochib berish orqali til o'qitish metodikasi uchun amaliy tavsiyalar beradi.

             English: This scholarly article is dedicated to the semantic analysis of the core modal verbs expressing obligation and necessity in the English language, primarily focusing on must, have to, should, and need to. The central objective of this research is to identify the pragmatic implications and subtle semantic distinctions among these verbs beyond their purely grammatical function. A key focus is the detailed differentiation between must and have to: must signals an internal (speaker-imposed) source of obligation, while have to denotes an external (laws, circumstances) necessity. Furthermore, the striking semantic contrast in their negative forms (mustn't – prohibition, don't have to – lack of necessity) is thoroughly explored. By elucidating the complexity of the modal verb system, the article provides practical recommendations for language teaching methodologies.